Antibiotics and probiotics in chronic pouchitis:A comparative proteomic approach

AIM:To profile protein expression in mucosal biopsies from patients with chronic refractory pouchitis following antibiotic or probiotic treatment,using a comparative proteomic approach. METHODS:Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry were used to characterize the changes related to antibiotic therapy in the protein expression profiles of biopsy samples from patients with chronic refractory pouchitis.The same proteom...     

The Impact of Political Change on the State of Academia Including Academic Freedom in the Arab World: Libya as a Case Study

ABSTRACT

Furthering Western style academic freedom has been challenging, as Arab countries, especially Libya, have known only autocratic regimes throughout their modern existence. Amidst its current political and social upheaval, Libyan society is drifting towards the unknown. The problem addressed in this study is the impact of political change on the state of academia but, more specifically, academic freedom. Since the intervention in Libya by NATO states, many academics have lost their jobs. Some have become refugees outside of Libya as a direct result of the appropriation of most of the governmental posts in the country by religious and political radicals. The research questions reflect ways in which the new inserted de facto leaders of post-transitional Libya have impacted life on Libyan campuses and academic freedom.     

Beliefs in a Just World as a Buffer Against Anger

Anger is the emotion typically accompanying unfairness appraisals. Belief in a just world (BJW) was expected to buffer against angry feelings because subjects high in BJW play down unfairness, justify unfairness as being self-inflicted, and avoid self-focused rumination. Three studies were run to test this hypothesis. A questionnaire study revealed that subjects who strongly endorse the belief in a personally just world are less likely to experience anger and, if they do experience such feelings, are less likely to suppress them. In two experiments, an angry, a happy, or a sad mood was induced. In the anger-evoking condition, subjects high in BJW were less angry and suffered no decrease in self-esteem compared to subjects low in BJW, who reported increased feelings of anger and decreased self-esteem. It is concluded that individuals high in BJW are better able to cope with anger-evoking situations, and that BJW can be seen as a personal resource protecting not only mental but also physical health.     

言论与行为二元论：表达自由立场上的刑法行为理论考量

历来对思想的控制无不是以对言论的控制为表征和途径的,自古罗马以来,“任何人不因思想受处罚”的法律格言,从未阻绝此后漫长历史时期统治者对言论自由的钳制。刑法学家将发表言论一概解释为行为,非但无法保障思想自由,可能与其初衷正相反;借鉴美国判例中“言论——行为”两分法,将具有表达意义的行为在一定条件下解释为言论,不仅是对宪法中言论自由原则的呼应,而且对思想自由保护的现实意义也是深远的。     

H5亚型禽流感病毒核蛋白基因重组质粒的构建及其在Hela细胞的瞬时表达

采用PCR技术从重组质粒pMel-NP扩增得到了禽流感病毒(AIV)A/Goose/Guang-dong/1/96(H5N1)株的核蛋白(NP)基因,将其亚克隆至真核表达载体pVAX1上。将提取的pVAX-NP阳性克隆转染Hela细胞,48 h后经间接免疫荧光试验和Western-blotting检测,NP基因在Hela细胞中已成功瞬时表达。表达产物的分子质量约为57 ku,它与H5N1亚型AIV多克隆抗血清有较好的免疫反应。     

什么是言论——《宪法》第35条的一种论理解释

综合我国基本权利谱系、基本权利条款间的关系及立法意图,既不宜对言论作字面解释,将其含义限定为口头形式,同时也不宜作过分的扩充解释。我国《宪法》第35条意义上的言论,不仅包括口头形式,还应包括书面形式,但已成为基本权利或可以被其他基本权利条款所包摄的表达形式不在言论范畴。     

牛疱疹病毒Ⅰ型gB基因的原核表达及产物的抗原性分析

采用PCR方法,以牛疱疹病毒Ⅰ型基因组DNA为模板扩增gB基因,克隆至pGEM-T载体。将以克隆质粒pGEM-T-gB为模板扩增的gBⅠ、gBⅡ和gBⅢ基因片段分别连接至原核表达载体pET32a。获得的重组质粒分别转化感受态细胞BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下表达。经SDS-PAGE鉴定,gBⅠ、gBⅡ和gBⅢ基因片段在大肠埃希氏菌BL21(DE3)中以融合蛋白形式获得了表达。以磁化组氨酸蛋白纯化系统对融合蛋白纯化后,Western-blotting和ELISA分析结果表明,这些融合蛋白均与BHV-1标准阳性血清反应,可作为抗原用于牛传染性鼻气管炎ELISA检测方法的建立。     

口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3ABC基因的原核表达及其产物的活性检测

利用分别带有BamHⅠ和HindⅢ酶切位点的引物扩增出FMDV 3ABC基因,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体。经BamHⅠ和SalⅠ酶消化后,克隆到表达载体pGEX-6p-1上,构建重组质粒pGEX-3ABC。将该重组质粒转化到大肠埃希氏菌BL21(DE3)pLysS,经终浓度1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导,获得约70 ku的融合蛋白GST-3ABC。Western-blotting结果显示,表达的融合蛋白GST-3ABC可以与感染FMDV的牛血清发生免疫反应。以纯化的GST-3ABC蛋白为抗原的间接ELISA检测结果与以VP2蛋白为抗原的间接ELISA检测结果相比较,表明,融合蛋白GST-3ABC可以用于鉴别感染FMDV和疫苗免疫的牛血清。     

猪瘟流行毒株E2基因的克隆及其杆状病毒表达载体的构建

用RT PCR方法扩增了陕西省近期猪瘟流行野毒株E2基因 ,并将其克隆到 pMD 18 T载体 ;经转化、筛选、鉴定后 ,测定了核苷酸序列 ,根据C株、Brescia株和Alfort株确定起始氨基酸三联体的正确位置后进行 gp5 5氨基酸序列推导 ,并进行同源性比较。结果表明 ,该猪瘟流行毒株的E2核苷酸序列与C株、Brescia株和Alfort株的E2核苷酸序列同源性分别为 81.9%、83.4 %和83.5 % ;相应地 ,gp5 5氨基酸同源性分别为 94 .8%、95 .6 %和 95 .3%。将此E2基因亚克隆到杆状病毒转移载体 pFastBacHTb后获得了重组质粒 pFBHT E2 ,进而转化入含穿梭载体Bacmid的感受态细胞DH10Bac中 ,发生转座作用 ;经抗性及蓝白斑筛选得到了含E2基因的重组DNA ,将其命名为rBacmid E2。此研究为进一步在昆虫细胞中表达E2基因、开发研制猪瘟基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

Media Freedom and Political Debate in the Digital Era

This article examines the impact of online expression on theories of media freedom. While media freedom has generally been justified instrumentally, the opportunities for expression via the Internet may require greater emphasis on the interests of the individual speaker. Despite this development, this article shows how a small number of speakers will still command a much wider audience and have greater influence over political debate. For such speakers the approach to media freedom devised in the mass media era will remain applicable.